Video taken by the crew of on board the on a pass over Western Europe in 2011 Western Europe is the region comprising the western part of. Though the term Western Europe is commonly used, there is no commonly agreed upon definition of the countries that it encompasses. Significant historical events that have shaped the concept of Western Europe include the rise of, the adoption of culture during the, the adoption of by, the division of the, the, the reign of, the Invasions, the, the, the, the, the as well as the of the, the, the, the, the two, the, the formation of the and the expansion of the. In, the predominant religion in Western Europe at the time. Prior to the conquest, a large part of Western Europe had adopted the newly developed. As the Roman domain expanded, a cultural and linguistic division appeared between the mainly -speaking eastern provinces, which had formed the highly urbanized, and the western territories, which in contrast largely adopted the language. This cultural and linguistic division was eventually reinforced by the later political east-west division of the.
Paul Ekman's books convey his curiosity and passion for understanding. The Facial Action Coding System (FACS): CD-based Facial Expression Manual.
The and the controlled the two divergent regions between the 3rd and the 5th century. The division between these two was enhanced during and the by a number of events. The, starting the.
By contrast, the Eastern Roman Empire, mostly known as the Greek or, survived and even thrived for another 1000 years. The rise of the in the west, and in particular the between and, enhanced the cultural and religious distinctiveness between Eastern and Western Europe. After the, center of the Eastern Orthodox Church, by the in the 15th century, and the gradual fragmentation of the (which had replaced the ), the division between Roman Catholic and became more important in Europe than that with Eastern Orthodoxy. In, Western Europe was historically known as taixi in China and taisei in Japan, which literally translates as the '.
The term Far West became synonymous with Western Europe in China during the. The Italian Jesuit priest was one of the first writers in China to use the Far West as an Asian counterpart to the European concept of the. In Ricci's writings, Ricci referred to himself as 'Matteo of the Far West'. The term was still in use in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Religion. Religious division in 1054 is still the largest religion in Western Europe, according to a 2018 study by the, 71.0% of the Western population identified themselves as.
The, which has lasted since the 11th century, divided in Europe, and consequently the world, into. With certain simplifications, Western Europe is thus Catholic or Protestant and uses the. Is Orthodox and uses the. According to this definition, Western Europe is formed by countries with dominant Roman Catholic and Protestant churches, including countries which are considered part of Central Europe now: Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Eastern Europe, meanwhile is formed by countries with dominant Eastern Orthodox churches, including, and for instance.
The schism is the break of communion and theology between what are now the Eastern (Orthodox) and Western (Roman Catholic from the 11th century, as well as from the 16th century also Protestant) churches. This division dominated Europe for centuries, in opposition to the rather short-lived division of 4 decades. Since the of 1054, Europe has been divided between and churches in the West and the (many times incorrectly labeled ') churches in the east. Due to this religious cleavage, Eastern Orthodox countries are often associated with Eastern Europe. A cleavage of this sort is, however, often problematic; for example, is overwhelmingly Orthodox, but is very rarely included in 'Eastern Europe', for a variety of reasons. Cold War.
Political spheres of influence in Europe during the During the four decades of the, the definition of East and West was rather simplified by the existence of the. Historians and social scientists generally view the Cold War definition of Western and Eastern Europe as outdated or relegating.
During the final stages of, the future of Europe was decided between the in the 1945, between the, the, and the,. Post-war Europe would be divided into two major spheres: the, influenced by the, and the, influenced by the. With the onset of the Cold War, Europe was divided by the. This term had been used during by German and later Count in the last days of the war; however, its use was hugely popularised by Winston Churchill, who used it in his famous 'Sinews of Peace' address on 5 March 1946 at in: From in the to in the an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of., and; all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and in some cases increasing measure of control from Moscow. Although some countries were officially, they were classified according to the nature of their political and economic systems.
This division largely defines the popular perception and understanding of Western Europe and its borders with. Former – its members and associates The world changed dramatically with the fall of the in 1989. Peacefully absorbed, in the. And the were dissolved, and in 1991, the ceased to exist.
Several countries which had been part of the Soviet Union regained full independence. Western European Union In 1948 the was signed between, the and the. It was further revisited in 1954 at the, when the was established. It was declared defunct in 2011 after the, and the Treaty of Brussels was terminated. When the Western European Union was dissolved, it had 10 member countries, six associate member countries, five observer countries and seven associate partner countries. Modern divisions CIA classification. Regions of Europe based on CIA world factbook.
Western Europe in light blue; Southwestern Europe in red The classifies seven countries as belonging to 'Western Europe':. The CIA also classifies three countries as belonging to 'Southwestern Europe':. Western European and Others Group The is one of several unofficial in the that act as and negotiation forums. Regional voting blocs were formed in 1961 to encourage voting to various UN bodies from different regional groups. The European members of the group are. In addition, and are members of the group, with the as observer. Population Using the CIA classification strictly would give the following calculation of Western Europe's population.
All figures based on the projections for 2018 by the Population Division of the. Rank Country or territory Population (most recent estimates) Languages Capital 1 United Kingdom 290000000♠66,040,229 2 France (metropolitan) 000000000♠65,058,000 3 Netherlands 320000000♠17,249,632 4 Belgium 630000000♠11,420,163, 5 Ireland 000000000♠4,857,000, 6 Luxembourg 000000000♠602,005, and 7 Monaco 000000000♠38,300 (city-state) Total 329000000♠165,265,329 Using the CIA classification a little more liberally and including 'South-Western Europe', would give the following calculation of Western Europe's population. Rank Country or territory Population (most recent estimates) Languages Capital 1 United Kingdom 290000000♠66,040,229 2 France (metropolitan) 000000000♠65,058,000 3 Spain 000000000♠46,700,000 4 Netherlands 320000000♠17,249,632 5 Belgium 630000000♠11,420,163, 6 Portugal 270000000♠10,291,027 7 Ireland 000000000♠4,857,000, 8 Luxembourg 000000000♠602,005, and 9 Andorra 000000000♠78,264 10 Monaco 000000000♠38,300 (city-state) Total 922000000♠222,293,922 Climate The climate of Western Europe varies from and in the southern coast of and to in the. The of the south is dry and warm. The western and northwestern parts have a mild, generally humid climate, influenced by the.
Languages Western European languages mostly fall within two language families: the, descended from the of the; and the, whose ancestor language came from southern. Romance languages are spoken primarily in the southern and central part of Western Europe, Germanic languages in the northern part (the and the ), as well as a large part of. Other Indo-European languages include the group (that is, and ). Is the only currently living Western European.
Multilingualism and the protection of regional and minority languages are recognized political goals in Western Europe today. The and the Council of Europe's set up a legal framework for language rights in Europe.
Economy Western Europe is one of the richest regions of the world. Germany has the in Europe and the largest financial surplus of any country, has the world's highest, and the has the highest of any European state.
And Luxembourg have the highest in the world, in nominal and respectively. Ranks highest in the world on the.
See also.
What are micro expressions? Micro expressions are facial expressions that occur within 1/25th of a second. They are involuntary and expose a person’s true emotions. They can happen as a result of conscious suppression or unconscious repression.
These facial expressions are universal, meaning they occur on everyone around the world. Why are micro expressions important? Everyone flashes micro expressions and no one can hide them. Reading micro expressions is the key to enhanced emotional awareness and deception detection. Learning to spot micro expressions gives you an edge in any social situation.
Who can learn to read micro expressions? Anyone can learn to spot concealed emotions with proper training. Ekman, the world’s expert on emotions, created seven training tools to teach you how. Now you can join ranks with agencies such as the CIA, Scotland Yard, Pixar, Apple, McKesson, and more. Understanding Micro Expressions All around the globe we express the same seven universal emotions. They include: anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise, contempt, and happiness. Learn the universal language of micro expressions to gain insight into the world of emotions.
Spot concealed emotions When someone conceals an emotion, “leakage” often occurs on that person’s face. In other words, micro expressions often flash across their face without their knowledge. Most people do not recognize these important clues, but with, you can learn to spot them. Improve your emotional intelligence The face provides a universal system of signals in the form of facial expressions. These expressions reflect the real-time fluctuations in a person’s emotional state. Learning to read micro expressions helps you recognize feelings in yourself and others. Enhance your relationships Improve your ability to recognize others’ emotions to increase your connection with others.
Research has found that people who can spot micro expressions are liked more by co-workers. Develop your capacity for empathy When you recognize others’ expressions you become more sensitive to their real feelings. You also become more skilled at distinguishing whether certain emotions are being concealed. Understand others Dr. Ekman’s research shows that we often miss facial expressions when they contradict what someone says. When you learn to recognize micro expressions, you can spot the discrepancies between what you hear and what you see.
History of micro expressions Haggard and Isaacs were the first to describe micro expressions in their study of psychotherapeutic interviews. They first referred to them as micro momentary expressions.
They explained their appearance as the result of repression. Haggard and Isaacs also implied that these fleeting expressions could not be recognized in real time. However, Ekman and Friesen later showed that with proper training anyone could learn to see micros as they occurred. Ekman and Friesen also broadened the explanation of why micros occur. Ekman began to study deception.
He started with clinical cases in which the patients falsely claimed they were not depressed. These patients later committed suicide when not under supervision. When patients’ films were examined in slow motion, Ekman and Friesen saw micro expressions which revealed strong negative feelings that the patient was trying to hide. Micro expressions happen when people hide their feelings from either themselves or others. Importantly, both instances look the same. You cannot tell from the expression itself whether it is the product of suppression (deliberate concealment) or repression (unconscious concealment).